Crop Calendar & Sowing & Harvest Chart
Shows when to sow
A visual, month-by-month chart of sowing, growing and harvest windows for 18 major crops — pick your region, tap the month, and see exactly what to plant now and when you'll harvest.
| Crop | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
🌾Rice sow Jun–Jul · harvest Oct–Nov | ||||||||||||
🌾Wheat sow Nov · harvest Mar–Apr | ||||||||||||
🌽Maize (corn) sow Jun–Jul · harvest Sep–Oct | ||||||||||||
🌾Barley sow Oct–Nov · harvest Mar | ||||||||||||
🌾Sorghum (jowar) sow Jun–Jul · harvest Oct–Nov | ||||||||||||
🌾Pearl millet (bajra) sow Jun–Jul · harvest Sep–Oct | ||||||||||||
🫘Soybean sow Jun–Jul · harvest Sep–Oct | ||||||||||||
🧵Cotton sow May–Jun · harvest Oct–Dec | ||||||||||||
🥜Groundnut (peanut) sow Jun–Jul · harvest Oct–Nov | ||||||||||||
🥔Potato sow Oct–Nov · harvest Jan–Feb | ||||||||||||
🍅Tomato sow Jul–Aug · harvest Oct–Nov | ||||||||||||
🧅Onion sow Nov–Dec · harvest Mar–Apr | ||||||||||||
🫛Chickpea (gram) sow Oct–Nov · harvest Feb–Mar | ||||||||||||
🫛Lentil (masoor) sow Oct–Nov · harvest Feb–Mar | ||||||||||||
🌼Mustard / rapeseed sow Oct–Nov · harvest Feb–Mar | ||||||||||||
🌻Sunflower sow Jan–Feb · harvest Apr–May | ||||||||||||
🎋Sugarcane sow Feb–Mar · harvest Dec–Jan | ||||||||||||
🥬Cabbage sow Sep–Oct · harvest Dec–Jan |
Crop calendar — key facts
- Crops
- 18 (cereals, pulses, oilseeds, veg, cash)
- Regions
- India Kharif/Rabi · Northern · Southern
- Kharif
- Sow Jun–Jul, harvest Oct–Nov (rice, maize, cotton)
- Rabi
- Sow Oct–Nov, harvest Mar–Apr (wheat, gram, mustard)
- S. Hemisphere
- Six months offset from the North
- Bands
- Sow · Grow · Harvest, colour-coded
- Accuracy
- Indicative; adjust ±2–4 weeks for latitude
- Privacy
- Runs in your browser; nothing uploaded
Why planting at the right time matters
A crop's calendar exists because each stage — germination, vegetative growth, flowering, grain-fill — needs particular temperatures, day-length and moisture. Sow in the right window and those needs line up with the season; sow too early or late and the crop hits frost, peak heat or a dry spell at its most sensitive stage, which is the biggest avoidable cause of low yield.
In India this is captured by the Kharif (monsoon) and Rabi (winter) seasons; in temperate zones it's spring-sown summer crops and autumn-sown winter crops. This calendar encodes those windows for 18 crops and flips them for the Southern Hemisphere, so the timing is right wherever you farm.
What to plant this month
Tap the current month to list every crop whose sowing window is open now for your region — your instant ‘plant now’ shortlist.
Kharif & Rabi crop calendar (India)
See both Indian seasons at once: Kharif sown with the monsoon, Rabi sown in winter, each with its harvest months.
Wheat & rice sowing time
Wheat (Rabi: sow Nov, harvest Apr) and rice (Kharif: sow Jun, harvest Nov) are highlighted clearly — switch region for temperate timing.
Vegetable planting calendar
Potato, tomato, onion and cabbage windows are included — filter to ‘Veg’ for a focused vegetable planting chart.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a crop calendar?+
A crop calendar shows the months to sow, grow and harvest each crop in a given region. It turns local agronomic experience into a simple month-by-month chart so you can plan planting, labour and harvest timing at a glance.
What crops can I plant this month?+
Tap the current month in the calendar (or use the ‘Sow this month’ panel) and the tool lists every crop whose sowing window includes it for your region — so you instantly see what's plantable now.
What are Kharif and Rabi crops?+
In India, Kharif crops are sown with the monsoon (June–July) and harvested in autumn (October–November) — rice, maize, cotton, soybean, groundnut. Rabi crops are sown in winter (October–November) and harvested in spring (March–April) — wheat, barley, chickpea, mustard. Select ‘India’ to see both seasons.
When should I sow wheat?+
In India's Rabi season wheat is sown around late October–November and harvested in March–April. In the Northern Hemisphere temperate zone, winter wheat is sown in autumn (Sep–Oct) and harvested in summer (Jul). Pick your region to see the right window.
When is rice planted and harvested?+
Rice is a warm, wet-season crop. In India it's a Kharif crop sown in June and harvested around November; in the Northern Hemisphere it's sown in May and harvested in September. Select your region in the calendar.
How does the calendar work for the Southern Hemisphere?+
Seasons are six months offset from the Northern Hemisphere, so the tool shifts the Northern windows by six months for Australia, southern Africa and South America — what's sown in April up north is sown in October down south.
How accurate are these planting dates?+
They're representative regional windows for planning. Your exact sowing date can shift by two to four weeks with latitude, altitude, the monsoon's arrival and the specific variety — always confirm with your local agricultural calendar or extension office.
Can I use this calendar for vegetables?+
Yes — it includes potato, tomato, onion and cabbage alongside cereals, pulses, oilseeds and cash crops. Filter by ‘Veg’ to see just the vegetable windows for your region.
What's the difference between sowing time and growing season?+
Sowing time is the short window when you plant; the growing season is the whole period from sowing to harvest (the crop's duration, roughly 90–170 days for most field crops, longer for sugarcane). The calendar shows sow, grow and harvest as separate coloured bands.
Why plant at the right time?+
Sowing in the correct window aligns the crop with the temperature, day-length and rainfall it needs at each stage. Planting too early or late risks frost, heat or moisture stress at flowering, which is the single biggest avoidable cause of low yield.