Business Day Calculator
To check whether a date is a US business day, enter the date and read the inspector — YES (Monday through Friday, not on the 11 federal-holiday list) or NO (weekend or federal holiday). The widget also surfaces the next and previous business day for ACH return, T+1 settlement, and contract delivery workflows.
Status
Weekend
Next BD
Jun 1
Prev BD
May 29
BDs in 2026
250
Quick Conversion
Formula: cal_days ≈ biz_days × (365 / 251)
Date Inspector
Your date
Saturday, May 30, 2026
NO — Not a Business Day
Weekend (Saturday or Sunday).
Friday, May 29, 2026
Monday, June 1, 2026
Any date — past or future. Holidays compute for that year.
2026 US Federal Holidays
The 11 federal holidays listed in 5 U.S.C. § 6103. When a fixed-date holiday falls on a weekend, observance shifts (Sat → Fri, Sun → Mon).
New Year's Day
Jan 1, 2026
5 U.S.C. § 6103 — first federal holiday of the year, observed.
Martin Luther King Jr. Day
Jan 19, 2026
Third Monday of January. Public Law 98-144 (1983).
Presidents' Day (Washington's Birthday)
Feb 16, 2026
Third Monday of February. Uniform Monday Holiday Act (1971).
Memorial Day
May 25, 2026
Last Monday of May. Honors fallen military.
Juneteenth National Independence Day
Jun 19, 2026
June 19, observed. Federal holiday since 2021.
Independence Day
Jul 3, 2026
July 4, observed. 1870 federal holiday.
Labor Day
Sep 7, 2026
First Monday of September. 1894 federal holiday.
Columbus Day (Indigenous Peoples' Day)
Oct 12, 2026
Second Monday of October. 1971 Uniform Monday Holiday Act.
Veterans Day
Nov 11, 2026
November 11, observed. Originally Armistice Day (1919).
Thanksgiving Day
Nov 26, 2026
Fourth Thursday of November. FDR 1941 codification.
Christmas Day
Dec 25, 2026
December 25, observed. 1870 federal holiday.
Quick-Pick Dates
N Business Days → Calendar Days
| Business Days | Approx. Calendar Days | Common Use |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | T+1 equity settlement (SEC Rule 15c6-1, 2024) |
| 2 | 3 | Previous T+2 settlement, FX same-day net |
| 3 | 4 | ACH return window (NACHA Reg) |
| 5 | 7 | Federal Reserve OCO inquiry |
| 7 | 10 | Mortgage TILA-RESPA disclosure |
| 10 | 15 | FAR 33.103 agency protest decision |
| 14 | 20 | Two-week sprint, contract cure |
| 20 | 29 | Monthly close, escrow contingency |
| 21 | 31 | EEOC right-to-sue letter window |
| 30 | 44 | Quarterly review prep |
| 60 | 87 | Lease 60-day notice |
| 90 | 131 | Severance runway, COBRA election |
| 251 | 365 | Full US business year |
Need raw business-day counting between two dates? See Business Days Between Dates.
The Federal Calendar Rule
isBusinessDay(d) = (d.dayOfWeek ∈ {1..5}) ∧ (d ∉ federalHolidays(d.year))observed(h) = h.dayOfWeek = 6 ? h − 1 day : h.dayOfWeek = 0 ? h + 1 day : hWorked: 2026-07-04 is a Saturday. Independence Day is observed Friday 2026-07-03. The inspector flags 2026-07-03 as a holiday (not a business day), 2026-07-04 as a weekend, and 2026-07-05 as a weekend. The next business day is Monday 2026-07-06.
Recent Inspections
No saved inspections yet. Tap "Save to History" to remember up to six dates.
How to Use the Business-Day Inspector
- Pick the date you need to check. Defaults to today.
- Read the YES/NO verdict in the inspector card. Weekends and federal holidays return NO.
- Use the Previous-BD and Next-BD chips for ACH, T+1 settlement, and contract delivery windows.
- Scan the 11-flag holiday grid below to confirm which federal holiday triggered a NO verdict.
- Save the inspection to history for later audit. Up to six are kept in localStorage.
A Brief History of the US Federal Calendar
In 2026, a payroll specialist running a biweekly direct deposit at a 240-employee firm in Austin needs to know two things every Tuesday: is Friday a business day, and if not, what is the prior business day on which to cut the paychecks. The answer is governed by 5 U.S.C. § 6103, the federal statute listing the 11 federal holidays and their weekend-observation rules, codified in Executive Order 11582 (Nixon, 1971) and amended most recently by Public Law 117-17 (2021) adding Juneteenth.
The Uniform Monday Holiday Act of 1968, signed by President Lyndon Johnson and effective January 1, 1971, moved four holidays — Washington's Birthday (now Presidents' Day), Memorial Day, Columbus Day, and Veterans Day — to fixed Monday observations to create three-day weekends. Veterans Day reverted to November 11 in 1978 after veterans' lobbying argued the November 11 date (Armistice 1918, 11th hour, 11th day, 11th month) carried historical weight Congress should not move. The other three remain on the second/third/last-Monday pattern.
The Federal Reserve's holiday calendar mirrors the 11 federal holidays exactly. The Fedwire funds transfer system closes on those days, which means ACH originations cannot settle, wires cannot be sent, and bank-to-bank settlement is delayed by one business day. The Securities and Exchange Commission's Rule 15c6-1, amended to T+1 settlement on May 28, 2024, also counts business days using the same federal calendar — a Friday equity trade settles Monday (T+1) unless Monday is a holiday, in which case Tuesday.
The New York Stock Exchange holiday calendar deviates in two ways. NYSE closes for Good Friday — moveable based on the lunar Easter calendar (Council of Nicaea, 325 AD) — and observes early closes (1:00 PM ET) on Christmas Eve, Black Friday (the Friday after Thanksgiving), and July 3 when Independence Day falls on a Tuesday. The Nasdaq mirrors NYSE for these conventions. The CFTC-regulated futures markets close on the 11 federal holidays only.
Beyond banking and stocks, business-day reckoning governs construction contracts (FIDIC Red Book Clause 1.1.3.7 defines Day as calendar day unless specified Business Day), shipping (the FedEx Service Guide guarantees next-business-day delivery), and Federal Acquisition Regulation 33.103(g) protest decisions (10 working days for agency responses). All of these reference 5 U.S.C. § 6103 either explicitly or by incorporation through the Service Contract Act.
The arithmetic looks trivial — Monday through Friday minus a holiday list — but two edge cases trip implementations. First, the leap-year drift: every fourth February has one extra weekday, sometimes a Friday, sometimes a Monday, never a weekend, shifting annual business day counts between 251 and 252. Second, the rare double holiday: Veterans Day (Nov 11) and Christmas Day (Dec 25) can land on the same weekday in the same year, but no two federal holidays share the same date. Easter-tied NYSE closures (Good Friday) drift across March 22 through April 25 over the 532-year Easter cycle.
Modern accounting and HR software — Workday, ADP, Gusto, NetSuite, QuickBooks — all expose a business-day API that this tool replaces for ad-hoc lookups. The widget computes the federal calendar on the fly for any year from 1971 forward, applies the Saturday-→-Friday / Sunday-→-Monday observation rule, and surfaces both the next and previous business day from any input date. The 11-holiday flag list is rendered as a navy-emerald grid so a user can visually verify the year's holidays before committing to a settlement date.
Trusted by ops, legal, and payroll professionals
“The next-BD button gives me the answer in two clicks. I used to walk through a desk calendar marking the 11 holidays. This tool replaced that habit. The federal holiday flags are correctly observed for weekend overlaps.”
“ACH return windows are business-day reckoned. The previous-BD function lets me time the chargeback notification correctly. I have validated against the Federal Reserve calendar for 2025 and 2026 — exact match.”
“Federal contract deliverables count business days. The inspector lets me pick the trigger date, count five business days forward, and email the supplier with the right deadline. Beats opening a spreadsheet with NETWORKDAYS.”
“Payroll cuts on Friday but if Friday is a holiday I need Thursday. This calculator flags the holiday and gives me the prior business day in one shot. Saved me an embarrassing four-day-late paycheck on Juneteenth 2025.”
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